Svante August Arrhenius

Svante August Arr henius was born at Uppalsa, Sweden, on February 19, 1859 His intelligence and notional thinking were apperent nt from an early age--he taught himself to read when he was three Although credi ted with many an separate(prenominal) scientific innovations, he remains scoop give out-of-door kn avouch for his bean guess of solutions, For which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in pill pusherry in 1903 Arrhenius henius died in Stockholm on October 2, 1927 apprehension is a human endeavor electric rayject to human frailties and governed by personalities, politics, and prejudice ces. One of the best illustrations of the of tenner bumpy cut of the advancement of scientific know takege is the story of Swedish pharmacist Svante Arrhenius. When Arrhenius henius began his doctorate at the University of Uppsala approximately 1880, he chose to study the conversion of electricity through solutions. This was a problem that had baff direct scientists for a century, The fi rst experiments had been done in the 17 70s by Cavendish, who corn whisky p ared the conductivity of salt solutions with that of come down water, using his own physiological reaction to the electric shocks he rece ived! Arrhenius had an array of instruments to valuate electric current, nevertheless the process of conservatively weighing, meas uring, and recording data from a multitude of experiments was a boring one. After his ache series of experimerits were performed, Arrhenius quit his laboratory workbench and re sick to his country home to try to formulate a disablement example that could account for his data, He wrote, I got the topic in the darkness of the 17th of May in the year 1883, and I could non s leep that night until I had worked through the whole problem. His root word was that ions were responsible for conducting electricity through a solution. B ack at Uppsa]a, Arrhenius took his doctoral dissertation containing the impudently theo ry to his advis or, Professor Cleve, an eminent druggist an! d the dis remainer of the elements holmlum and thulium. Cleves unlnterested response was what Arrhenius had expected. It was in keeping with CIeves resistance to brand- modernistic ideas he had not all the same pass opinion Mendeleevs periodic table, introduced ten years earlier. It is a long stand up custom that forrader a doctoral degree is tending(p) the disse rtation must be defended before a panel of professors. Although this number i s console followed at most universities today, the problems are usually worked out in private with the evaluating professors before the existing defense. However, w hen Arrhenius did it, the disserta tion defense was an open debate, which could be resentful and humiliating. Knowing that it would be unwise to antagonize his professors, Arrhenius downplayed his convictions about his new hypothesis as he de t ended his dissertation. His diplomatic negotiations paid take: he was awarded his degree, albei t reluctantly, as the prolessors still did not conceive his model and considered him to be a borderline scientist, at best. such(prenominal) a setback could ca-ca ende d his scientific career, precisely Arrhenius was a crusader; he was determined to pay heed his scheme triumph. Recognizing his low credibility in his home coun try, he sen t his dissertation first to Rudolf Clausius, a German seientist who had fimnulat ed the sul skin law of thermodynamics, but Clausius wasnt interested. He next app roached Lothar Meyer, other German scientist who had gained prominence for his work on the periodicity of the clements, but Meyer was to a fault unresponsive. Final ly, Arrhcnius found the right agonist in Wilhelm Ostwald, a German profes sor o f interpersonal chemistry at Riga. Ostwald, already known as a protector of revo lutionary chem ical causes, fully accepted the idea that reactions in solu tion often pick up i ons. In 1885 Arrhenius began work ing in Ostwalds laboratory, continui ng his interrogatio n on ions. information everything he could find on t! he sub jeer, he ca me across a research reputation written by a Dutch scientist, Jacobus vant Heir, whi ch was particularly facilitatory in placing the ionic theory on firmer gnound. In 1887 Arrhenius went to Amsterdalm to nicer vanl warp At 22 years of age, vant Help had postulated the existence of stereochemistry; that is, that atoms in molecules be beget explicit relative positions in space. This theory was initially criticized harshly, and vant Heft, aided by Ostwald, had to fight to have it accepted. The ionic theory was yet another unaccepted theory for which both Ostwald and vant Heft would hunt their support. By the judgment of conviction Arrhenius re saturnine from Amsterdam, Ostwald had moved to Leipzig, where he had be come professor of chemistry. It was thither that Ostwald and Anhenius put together a promotional strategy that would have done credit to a canny politician. In the so new journal Zeitschrift fur Physikalische Chemic, Ostwald wrote about the ionic t heory, and at long last the European scientific establishment began to listen. Arrheniuss classic paper On the disassociation of Substances in Aque ous Solulhms was published in 1887. The ionic theory had live on one of thc most ctmtroversal issues in science. Although Ostwald, vant Holt, and Arrhenius move to relay link the cause vigorously. many scientists remained vebenmently opposed to the theory. In fact, even though Arrhenius was by then a prominent scientist, his trying on as Professor of Chemistry at the University of Stockholm was fugitive con troversial. Ultimately, the ionic theory triumphed. Arrheniuss fame spread, and honors were heaped on him, culminating in cover Nobel Prize in chemistry. Nol one to rest on his laurels, Arrhenius turned to new fields, in cluding astronomy; he formulated a new theory that the solar system may have come into being through the collision of stars. His exceptional versatility led him to study the use of serums to tight disease, en ergy resources and conservation, and the origin of li! fe. If you sine qua non to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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